Empire in Collision

Focus 

To review the reforms initiated by  the Ottoman rulers in the mid - nineteenth century.

A model of a centralized government.

imperial ------ Absolute  ------ regional government  

court                  rule                              ↑

 ↑                                                         civil

                                                                ↑ 

civil                                                   military 

↑                                                              ↑

military                                                   legal religious 

↑                                                             

legal 

Ottoman empire 

-political  structures; 

- government : centralized state 

- grand vizier : second to sultan , oversaw the daily operations of government    

- regional governors : collected taxes, provided soldiers to emperor , And oversaw the running of provinces within the empire.

Decline of the Ottoman empire 

- By the 18th century , Ottoman empire began to decline : 

- political : Shifea from a merit system to a hereditary system. 

- economic : breakdown  of two collection , wars ,and expenses of the royal household contributed to decline.

- social : relgious and ethic groups began to challange Authority of the Ottmans.